句子：

The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.

汉译英：我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

句子：

The person that called you is my friend.

汉译英：给你打电话的那个人是我的朋友。

句子：

All that glitters is not gold.

汉译英：闪闪发光的未必都是金子。

句子：

The house that he lives in is very big.

汉译英：他住的那所房子非常大。

句子：

The news that she received was shocking.

汉译英：她收到的消息令人震惊。

句子：

The problem that we need to solve is difficult.

汉译英：我们需要解决的难题是困难的。

句子：

The car that is parked outside is mine.

汉译英：外面停着的那辆车是我的。

句子：

The song that I heard on the radio is beautiful.

汉译英：我在广播上听到的那首歌很美。

句子：

The students that are late will be punished.

汉译英：迟到的学生将受到惩罚。

句子：

The information that you gave me is very helpful.

汉译英：你给我的信息非常有用。

这些例子展示了that作为关系代词在定语从句中的多种用法，包括指代物、人以及在从句中充当不同的成分。希望这些例子对你有所帮助。