英语中状语的位置需要根据其类型和在句子中的作用来决定,具体规则如下:
一、基本位置规则
时间状语 通常置于句首或句中,用逗号与主句隔开。例如:
- 时间状语从句:
*When we arrived, they had already been there.*
- 独立时间状语:
*Now Robert really likes others to call Robbie at school.*
地点状语
可置于句首、句中或句尾,需根据语义灵活安排。例如:
*At the park, we had a picnic.*
*He walked here to meet his friend.*
方式状语
修饰动词时,多置于动词之后,宾语之前。例如:
*She sings beautifully.*
*He spoke loudly.*
原因状语
用"because"、"since"等引导从句,或"because of"短语,可置于句首或句中。例如:
*Because of the rain, the match was canceled.*
*Since we forgot the meeting, we arrived late.*
结果状语
用"so"、"therefore"等引导,可置于句首或句中。例如:
*He studied hard, so he passed the exam.*
*The letter arrived, therefore we could start the project.*
条件状语
用"if"、"provided that"等引导,可置于句首或句中。例如:
*If it rains, we will cancel the picnic.*
*Provided that you finish your homework, you can watch TV.*
伴随状语
用"while"、"as"等引导,通常与主句动作同时发生。例如:
*She read a book while waiting for the bus.*
二、特殊位置说明
句首状语: 用逗号与主句隔开,独立存在。例如: *Suddenly, the meeting started!* *Unfortunately, we missed the flight!* 句中状语
用逗号与主句隔开,位于主语和谓语之间。例如:
*He often goes on the Internet.*
*She could hardly believe it!*
句尾状语:
较少见,通常用于表示时间或原因。例如:
*He finished his homework yesterday.*
*The movie started because of the high ticket price!*
三、注意事项
状语从句 需用逗号与主句隔开,且通常置于句首或句中。例如:
*If you call now, I will help you.*
副词作状语:
- 表示时间、地点、方式等时,可置于句首、句中或句尾。例如:
*Here we are!*
*He walked to school.*
翻译时注意事项:
英语状语位置与汉语相反(汉语前置,英语后置),翻译时需先处理状语部分。
通过以上规则和示例,可以系统掌握英语状语的位置安排。